Quality, Nutritional Composition and Effect of Various Yoghurt Blends on the Gut by-Products of Ulcerogenic Wistar Rat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajfst.v5i1.6721Keywords:
Gastric Ulcer, Gut by-Product, Quality, Wistar Rat, YoghurtsAbstract
The disruption of the gastrointestinal mucosal lining due to excessive secretion of gastric acid results in a gastric ulcer, which presents epigastric pain shortly after meals. The present study investigated the quality and effects of dairy-based (DBY), plant-based (PBY) and dairy/ plant-based (DPBY) yoghurts on gut metabolites in indomethacin-induced Wistar rats. The formulated yoghurt samples were subjected to physicochemical properties, proximate composition, microbiological quality, and sensory attributes, followed by an evaluation of their effect on Gut metabolites. The three yoghurt samples met Codex Alimentarius quality standards for yoghurt, including acceptable pH (3.98 ± 0.05 to 4.56 ± 0.09) and minimum total solids. The microbiological analyses showed product safety, with Total Viable Counts within International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF) limits and high Lactic Acid Bacteria counts, suggesting probiotic capability. Results of proximate analyses showed higher fat content in DBY (6.22%) compared with PBY (2.56%), whereas protein content was greater in the PBY sample (4.02%). Colour was the most preferred attribute, while tanginess was the least favoured based on sensory evaluation. Gut microbial metabolites were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the various yoghurt blends. Dairy yoghurt promoted elevated caproic (138.85504 ppm) and valeric (73.19835 ppm), plant-based yoghurt increased hexanoic (53.15172 ppm) and isovaleric acids (15.62704 ppm), and the dairy/plant-based blended yoghurt produced high caproic and propanoic acid concentrations. These findings demonstrate that all three yoghurt types are safe, nutritionally adequate, and capable of modulating SCFA production, underscoring their potential as functional dietary components for supporting gastric ulcer management.
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