Quality Control in the Healthcare Sector: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

The issue of quality control in the healthcare sector has become a crucial concern, ensuring the safety of patients, the effectiveness of their care, and the resilience of the system. In this extensive literature review, ten peer-reviewed articles published in the years 2021-2025 were synthesized and included themes of patient safety culture, accreditation, workforce adequacy, patient-centered care, digital maturity, and value-based healthcare. It has been pointed out that safety culture and accreditation systems are constantly working to enhance compliance and patient outcomes, whereas sufficient nurse staffing ratios have a strong impact on patient safety. Patient-centered methods enhance conventional metrics of quality, yet they do not offer standardized worldwide models, and digital maturity forecasts safety results by enhancing data quality, yet incorporation of artificial intelligence is not widespread. The value-based models have the potential of matching the expense to the outcomes, but their implementation is dominated in the high-income contexts. In spite of such developments, there are still big gaps. Little longitudinal evidence exists and the cost-effectiveness of accreditation remains under-investigated and is largely based on high-income nations, and hence cannot be generalized across the world. The only way to fill these gaps is to combine efforts to increase research in low and middle-income settings, combine multifaceted digital tools and establish results-oriented international standards. Such an increase in control of quality in healthcare would be important in attaining less unsafe, more sustainable, and equitable healthcare systems.