Patterns of Health Complaints and Perception of the Role of Pharmacists Among Clients Visiting Community Pharmacies in Lagos State, South-West Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajcp.v4i1.4310Keywords:
Community Pharmacies, Health Complaints, Lagos State, Nigeria, Patterns, Perception, PharmacistsAbstract
Health complaints and its patterns differ generally in the population. The public perception of community pharmacies and drug vendors as a one-stop facility for almost all health complaints and services is a major determinant of the type, quantity, quality, effectiveness, and success of healthcare as they encourage irrational use of drugs and poor utilization of health facilities. In addition, the existing high prevalence of self-medication encouraged by the constant displays, advertisement, and access to over-the-counter drugs contribute to the problem. The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of health complaints and perception of the role of pharmacists among clients visiting community pharmacies in Agege Local Government Area (LGA) of Lagos State. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 305 adults visiting community pharmacies in Agege LGA using a multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The Chi-square test was used to test the association between socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics (independent variables) and perception of the role of pharmacists (dependent variable) of the study participants at a significance level of p<0.05. Among the study participants, the mean age was 36.83±11.89 years, the majority were females, married, from the Yoruba tribe, living with family members, employed, and earning below the poverty level of US$2 per day. The patterns of health complaints ranged from minor ailments like pain (21.0%), multiple symptoms (13.1%), upper respiratory tract infections (11.5%), and fever (8.9%) to more major conditions like gastrointestinal disorders (6.6%) and non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia (11.1%). The majority (83.0%) of the study participants have a positive perception of the role of pharmacists, as 77.7% of them believed that pharmacists should be able to advise them on their medications, and 56.7% believed they should be able to report any drug-related adverse effect to a pharmacist. The socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the study participants have no statistically significant association with their perception of the role of pharmacists in community pharmacies (p>0.05). The patterns of health complaints at community pharmacies ranged from minor to more serious complaints that were related to age groups and income status. Therefore, community pharmacies should be stocked with over-the-counter as well as prescription-only drugs.
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