A Review on the Management of Strontium-90 Waste in Medical Facilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajmsi.v4i2.5788Keywords:
Environment, Health, Hospitals, Radioactive Waste, Radionuclide, Strontium-90Abstract
Healthcare facilities generate a large amount of waste, which is considered potentially dangerous. Hospitals are increasingly using radioactive isotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Isotopes are utilized in different applications of life purposes such as nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and in industry. Radioactive waste is any material that contains or is mixed with a radionuclide that poses a radiation level that exceeds the IAEA recommended level or that of a national regulatory body. Today, the problem of radioactive waste is one of the biggest threats to human beings, as its effects extend to the environment, natural resources, animals, plants, and soil. Strontium-90 is one of the radioisotopes used in hospitals. Most of the hospital’s radioactive waste is generated in the Nuclear Medicine department. Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope that is considered one of the most hazardous radioactive isotopes. This study focuses on the use of strontium-90 in medical facilities and how the wastes generated are sustainably managed for human safety and the environment. The applications, waste generation, tests, effects on human health and the environment, and the treatment processes of strontium-90 waste have been studied. The treatment processes, such as forward osmosis membrane, crystalline inorganic ion exchanges, etc, of strontium-90 waste in a hospital are detailed in this review.
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