Steady-State Harmonic and Time Domain Point Absorber Modelling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajgt.v3i1.2882Keywords:
Heaving Point Absorber, Damping, Steady-State Harmonic Model, Time Domain Model, Power Take-Off (PTO), Buoy Shape Optimisation, ResonanceAbstract
This paper analysed the development of a steady-state harmonic model which, along the vertical axis, can simulate a single buoy’s motion with one degree of freedom (heave). The model can optimise a buoy’s geometric and control parameters to maximise power absorption from incident waves. The steady-state model revealed that at resonance, maximum power absorption of the buoy occurred in two region values with either low or high range of values of radiation damping coefficient (c2). In practice, achieving operation in the low c2 region is difficult. Therefore, it is recommended that the devices be designed to operate in the high c2 region to increase power capture. The model also revealed the best value for c1 (PTO damping coefficient) when the buoy with the peak frequency of the sea state is at resonance, and its mass is optimum. The PTO device size can therefore be manufactured accordingly to maximise power absorption. Out of all the tested buoy shapes (spike, bullet, and bi-cone), the bi-cone (60o/120o) buoy performed the best, and its response was most similar to the optimum mass response predicted by the model.
References
Aderinto, T., & Li, H. (2019). Review on power performance and efficiency of wave energy converters. Energies, 12(22), 4329.
Ahmed, A., Wang, Y., Azam, A., & Zhang, Z. (2022). Design and analysis of the bulbous-bottomed oscillating resonant buoys for an optimal point absorber wave energy converter. Ocean Engineering, 263, 112443.
Al Shami, E., Zhang, R., & Wang, X. (2018). Point absorber wave energy harvesters: A review of recent developments. Energies, 12(1), 47.
Bubbar, K., & Buckham, B. (2020). On establishing generalized analytical phase control conditions in two body self-reacting point absorber wave energy converters. Ocean Engineering, 197, 106879.
Budar, K., & Falnes, J. (1975). A resonant point absorber of ocean-wave power. Nature, 256(5517), 478-479.
Burgaç, A., & Yavuz, H. (2020). Power capture performance of a heaving wave energy converter for varying b rad/b pto ratio. SN Applied Sciences, 2(10), 1679.
Cargo, C., Hillis, A., & Plummer, A. (2016). Strategies for active tuning of Wave Energy Converter hydraulic power take-off mechanisms. Renewable Energy, 94, 32-47.
Cruz, J. (2007). Ocean wave energy: current status and future prespectives. Springer Science & Business Media.
Duncan, J. H., & Brown, C. E. (1982). Development of a numerical method for the calculation of power absorption by arrays of similar arbitrarily shaped bodies in a seaway. Journal of Ship Research, 26(01), 38-44.
Falcao, A. F. d. O. (2010). Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 14(3), 899-918.
Falcão, A. F. d. O. (2007). Modelling and control of oscillating-body wave energy converters with hydraulic power take-off and gas accumulator. Ocean Engineering, 34(14-15), 2021-2032.
Falcão, A. F. d. O. (2008). Phase control through load control of oscillating-body wave energy converters with hydraulic PTO system. Ocean Engineering, 35(3-4), 358-366.
Falnes, J., & Kurniawan, A. (2020). Ocean waves and oscillating systems: linear interactions including wave-energy extraction (Vol. 8). Cambridge university press.
Fitzpatrick, R. (2018). Oscillations and waves: an introduction. CRC Press.
Garcia-Rosa, P. B., & Ringwood, J. V. (2015). On the sensitivity of optimal wave energy device geometry to the energy maximizing control system. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(1), 419-426.
Kara, F. (2016). Point absorber wave energy converters in regular and irregular waves with time domain analysis. International Journal of Marine Science and Ocean Technology, 3(7), 74-85.
Kara, F. (2020). A Control strategy to improve the efficiency of point absorber wave energy converters in complex sea environments. Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography, 3(2), 46-54.
Korde, U. A., & Ringwood, J. (2016). Hydrodynamic control of wave energy devices. Cambridge University Press.
Kurniawan, A., Greaves, D., & Chaplin, J. (2014). Wave energy devices with compressible volumes. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 470(2172), 20140559.
Nolan, G., Ringwood, J., Butler, S., & Leithead, W. (2005). Optimal damping profiles for a heaving buoy wave energy converter. ISOPE International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference,
Pastor, J., & Liu, Y. (2014). Frequency and time domain modeling and power output for a heaving point absorber wave energy converter. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 5, 1-13.
Piscopo, V., Benassai, G., Cozzolino, L., Della Morte, R., & Scamardella, A. (2016). A new optimization procedure of heaving point absorber hydrodynamic performances. Ocean Engineering, 116, 242-259.
Rahmati, M., & Aggidis, G. (2016). Numerical and experimental analysis of the power output of a point absorber wave energy converter in irregular waves. Ocean Engineering, 111, 483-492.
Sakr, A. H., Metwalli, S. M., & Anis, Y. H. (2020). Dynamics of heaving buoy wave energy converters with a stiffness reactive controller. Energies, 14(1), 44.
Salter, S. H., Taylor, J., & Caldwell, N. (2002). Power conversion mechanisms for wave energy. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment, 216(1), 1-27.
Saupe, F., Gilloteaux, J.-C., Bozonnet, P., Creff, Y., & Tona, P. (2014). Latching control strategies for a heaving buoy wave energy generator in a random sea. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 47(3), 7710-7716.
Sinha, A., Karmakar, D., & Soares, C. G. (2016). Performance of optimally tuned arrays of heaving point absorbers. Renewable energy, 92, 517-531.
Sjökvist, L., Krishna, R., Rahm, M., Castellucci, V., Hagnestål, A., & Leijon, M. (2014). On the optimization of point absorber buoys. Journal of marine science and engineering, 2(2), 477-492.
Sun, P., Hu, S., He, H., Zheng, S., Chen, H., Yang, S., & Ji, Z. (2021). Structural optimization on the oscillating-array-buoys for energy-capturing enhancement of a novel floating wave energy converter system. Energy conversion and management, 228, 113693.
Tona, P., Sabiron, G., & Nguyen, H.-N. (2019). An energy-maximising MPC solution to the WEC control competition. International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Saad Al-Sahlawi, Garvey Seamus, Kathy Johnson
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
