Gut-Brain Axis and Academic Performance among Undergraduate Students in Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria: A Sociological Investigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ijphn.v2i1.7292Keywords:
Academic Performance, Dietary Patterns, Digestive Health, Gut-Brain Axis, Nigeria, Sociological Factors, Undergraduate StudentsAbstract
This study investigated the relationship between gut-brain axis health indicators and academic performance among undergraduate students at Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria. Adopting a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 300 undergraduate students using structured questionnaires assessing dietary patterns, digestive health indicators, and self-reported academic performance (CGPA). The study was anchored on the Social Determinants of Health Theory and the Biopsychosocial Model. Findings revealed that only 35% of students consumed regular balanced meals, while 48% frequently relied on fast foods. Digestive health issues were prevalent, with 32% reporting bloating, 27% experiencing stomach discomfort, and 19% suffering from constipation. Regression analysis demonstrated significant positive relationships between balanced diet (coefficient = 0.41, p < 0.05), digestive health (coefficient = 0.37, p < 0.05), and academic performance, while stress showed a negative association (coefficient = -0.29, p < 0.05). Sociological factors including financial constraints, campus food environment, and peer influences emerged as significant determinants of dietary behaviors. The study concludes that gut health, influenced by socially-patterned dietary habits, significantly affects academic performance among undergraduate students. Recommendations include establishing campus-based nutrition education programs, improving access to affordable nutritious food options, and integrating gut health awareness into student wellness services.
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