Involvement and Factors Affecting the Non-Participation of a Private School to DepEd Co and Extra-Curricular Activities

Authors

  • Jayson C. Lazarte Christ The King College of Calbayog City, INC., Calbayog City & Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Philippines
  • Modesto M. Maniable Christ The King College of Calbayog City, INC., Calbayog City & Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54536/jpp.v3i1.7732

Keywords:

Administration Support, Extra-Curricular Activities, Parental Support, Students’ Interest Communication Dissemination, Teacher Factor

Abstract

Participation influenced by teacher characteristics and contextual factors such as teacher-related issues, administrative support, parental support, students’ interest, and communication dissemination, raise concern about the extent and equity of IBED’s involvement in these activities for School Year 2025–2026. The study sought to describe IBED teachers’ profile, determine their extent of involvement in DepEd academic competitions, leadership-related activities, arts and culture, and sports, test differences in involvement by profile, test differences in non-participation factors by profile, and propose a strategic enhancement program. Using a descriptive–causal comparative design, the study surveyed all 43 IBED teachers from elementary, junior high, and senior high. Data were gathered through a validated, reliable questionnaire. Results revealed that teachers were relatively young, predominantly female, mostly permanent, belonged to low to fairly low income, many with ancillary roles. Involvement was very high in academic competitions, leadership, arts and culture, and sports. Yet all five non-participation domains averaged as “Always”, with communication dissemination highest. Involvement did not significantly differ by most profile variables, except grade level in academic competitions. For barriers, employment status significantly affected communication issues, and grade level affected teacher-factor scores. IBED’s involvement is very high yet constrained by systemic, multi-stakeholder barriers. A Structured Enhancement Strategic Program (SESP) is recommended to strengthen capacity building, administrative support, parental/community engagement, student-centered initiatives, grade-level-specific interventions, and continuous monitoring and evaluation.

References

Abras, C., Nailos, J., Lauka, B., Hoshaw, J. P., & Taylor, J. N. (2022). Defining co-curricular assessment and charting a path forward. Intersection: A Journal at the Intersection of Assessment and Learning, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.61669/001c.39706

AAclan, J. M. (2021). The effects of extra-curricular activities to the academic performance of the students. Scribd. https://www.scribd.com/document/448713434/THE-EFFECTS-OF-EXTRA-CURRICULAR-ACTIVITIES-TO-THE-ACADEMIC-PERFORMANCE-OF-THE-STUDENTS

Allen, K., Kern, M. L., Vella-Brodrick, D., Hattie, J., & Waters, L. (2018).What schools need to know about fostering school belonging: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 30(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-016-9389-8

Anjum, S. (2021). Impact of extracurricular activities on academic performance of students at secondary level. International Journal of Applied Guidance and Counseling, 2, 7–14.

Bas, G., & Beyhan, O. (2010). Effects of multiple intelligences supported project-based learning on students’ achievement levels and attitudes towards English lesson. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1052017.pdf

Battad, Z. M. (2024). Private schools can’t do it alone, need gov’t help. Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://opinion.inquirer.net/173061/private-schools-cant-do-it-alone-need-govt-help

Cabañero, J. (2023). A policy study on the implementation of inclusive education program in the Philippines. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372760966_A_POLICY_STUDY_ON_ THE_IMPLEMENTATION_OF_INCLUSIVE_EDUCATION_PROGRAM_IN_THE_PHILIPPINES

Cabuhay, H. C. A. (2024). The influence of extracurricular activities on student achievement at the high school level. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies, 4(5), 216–228. https://www.ijams-bbp.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/5-IJAMS-MAY-2024-216-228.pdf

Canlas, M. M., Alonzo, J. S., Mendoza, R. A., & Domingo, S. P. (2019). Assessment of participation of Grade 8 and Grade 11 students in extracurricular activities at Holy Family Academy. Holy Family Academy Research Journal, 25(2), 24–25.

Channa, S., Khurum, S., & Alwi, S. K. (2025). Assessing the relationship between co-curricular activities and academic performance in secondary schools: A study on student engagement and learning outcomes. Research Journal for Social Affairs. https://doi.org/10.71317/RJSA.003.01.0076

Craft, S. W. (2012). The impact of extracurricular activities on student achievement at the high school level (Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern Mississippi). https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations/543

Department of Education. (2017). DepEd Order No. 66, s. 2017: Guidelines on the conduct of co-curricular and extra-curricular off-campus activities for public and private schools. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2017/12/27/do-66-s-2017-guidelines-on-the-conduct-of-co-curricular-and-extra-curricular-off-campus-activities-for-public-and-private-schools/

Department of Education. (2022). Palarong Pambansa guidelines. https://www.deped.gov.ph

Department of Education. (2023). DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2023: Policy guidelines on teacher workload in the assignment of co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2023/03/21/do-008-s-2023-policy-guidelines-on-teacher-workload-in-the-assignment-of-co-curricular-and-extra-curricular-activities/

Department of Education. (2017). DO 66, s. 2017 – Implementing guidelines on the conduct of off-campus activities. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2017/12/27/do-66-s-2017-implementing-guidelines-on-the-conduct-of-off-campus-activities/

Dimaano, M. V. (2023). Learners’ empowerment via virtual extracurricular involvement during COVID. Philippine Journal of Educational Innovation. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28435.6608

Duncan, S. (2000). Family matters: What is the role of extracurricular activities. Montana State University.

Fabito, B. S., Tria, J. Z., & Decena, F. P. (2020). Challenges faced by private university students in online learning environment. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 4(10), 100–107.

Haensly, P. A., Lupkowski, A. E., & Edlind, E. P. (1985). The role of extracurricular activities in education. The High School Journal. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40365131

Holloway, J. H. (2002). Extracurricular activities and student motivation. Educational Leadership. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234580667_Extracurricular_Activities_and_Student_Motivation

Kasmahsari, B. H. K. (2015). The effects of multiple intelligences approach in learning English grammar in the classroom (Master’s thesis, University Malaysia Sarawak). http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/12602

Lawrence, F. P. (2023). Causal-comparative research. University of Phoenix. https://www.phoenix.edu/content/dam/edu/research/doc/2023/causal-comparative- research.pdf

Lucero, R. J., Ramos, J. T., Dizon, R. C., & de Guzman, J. M. (2022). E-learning readiness assessment in private and government higher education institutions in the Philippines. Faculty Research Journal. https://www.eac.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Faculty-Research-Journal-AY-2022-2023.pdf

Magsambol, B. (2020). Challenges to private basic education institutions under DepEd supervision and low participation rates due to COVID and closures. Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/nation/266843-challenges-private-schools-deped-covid-19-pandemic

Martínez Vicente, M., & Valiente Barroso, C. (2020). Extracurricular activities and academic performance: Differences by gender and public and charter school. MLS Educational Research. 4(1), 73-89. https://doi.org/10.29314/mlser.v4i1.286

Michigan State University. (2021). A. W. Astin (Student Involvement Theory). https://spartanexperiences.msu.edu/rso-s/Theories.pdf

Mistula, A. M., Dela Cruz, K. L., Reyes, J. T., & Santos, M. C. (2022). Factors affecting Grade 12 students’ learning engagement: Insights from ABM and HUMSS learners. Bestlink College Publications, 5(2), 88–102.

Moriana, J. A., Alós, F., Alcalá, R., Pino, M. J., He rruzo, J., & Ruiz, R. (2006). Extracurricular activities and academic performance in secondary students. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology. http://www.investigacion-psicopedagogica.org/revista/articulosenglish/Art882.pdf

Muñoz-Bullón, F., Sánchez-Bueno, M. J., & Vos-Saz, A. (2017). Influence of sports participation on academic performance in higher education. International Journal of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.06.006

Naeini, M. B. (2015). Comparing the effects of two facets of multiple intelligences theory on developing EFL learners’ listening. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 6(4), 62–69. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.4p.62

Oberle, E., Ji, X. R., Guhn, M., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Gadermann, A. M. (2019). Extracurricular activity profiles and well-being in middle childhood: A population-level study. PLOS ONE, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218488

Palmer, M., Levitt, J., & Goodman, M. (2017). Effects of extracurriculars on postsecondary completion for students with disabilities. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 30(4), 351–364.

Pangalangan, P. A. (2022). Saving private education. The Philippine Star. https://www.philstar.com/news-commentary/2022/01/22/2155663/saving-private- education

Paulino, A. V. (2022). Cocurricular and extracurricular engagement of students and their effects on academic performance and behavior. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development. https://educ.upd.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PJES-DOI04162024.pdf

Ramos, F. A. (2024). The implementation and involvement of pupils in curricular/extracurricular activities: Its impact on their personal development and academic performance. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13818578

Ramos-Araneta, M. (2023). DepEd launches framework meant to equalize public, private. Manila Standard. https://manilastandard.net/?p=314398574

Rees, D. I., & Sabia, J. J. (2021). Sports participation and academic outcomes: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Journal of Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.001

Reyes, M. (2021). Religious obligations and youth engagement. Journal of Cultural Studies, 1(3), 200–215.

Samuel, K. (2024). The role of extracurricular activities in student development. KIU Publication, 5, 26–30.

Singha, A. (2026). Holistic development-What it is, importance, examples, strategies & more! 21K School.https://www.21kschool.com/ph/blog/holistic-development/

Taruc, M., & De La Cruz, A. (2024). Using NLP to evaluate student organization effectiveness in Philippine higher education. Journal of Educational Technology and Innovation, 19(2), 45. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.08694

The Manthan School. (2022). Importance of cocurricular activities in school education. https://www.themanthanschool.co.in/blog/importance-co-curricular-activities-school-education/

Varela, L. (2006). Evaluación de programas extraescolares: Importancia del nivel de participación en las percepciones sobre el tiempo libre, rendimiento académico y habilidad deportiva de los participantes. Revista Galego-Portuguesa de Psicoloxía e Educación, 11–12(3), 207–219.

Vargas, A., Delos Santos, M., Rivera, J., & Lim, C. (2020). Effects of extracurricular activities on senior high school students at Bestlink College of the Philippines. https://pdfcoffee.com/521-other-655-1-10-20210916-pdf-free.html

WebFX. (2025). The importance of cocurricular programs for student success. Watermark. https://www.watermarkinsights.com/resources/blog/the-importance-of-co-curricular-programs-in-student-success/

Downloads

Published

2026-08-22

How to Cite

Lazarte, J. C. ., & Maniable, M. M. . (2026). Involvement and Factors Affecting the Non-Participation of a Private School to DepEd Co and Extra-Curricular Activities. Journal of Policy and Planning, 3(1), 100-117. https://doi.org/10.54536/jpp.v3i1.7732