Modeling Rainfall with Respect to Land Cover and Population in the Niger Delta Area Nigeria for the Period 1990-2040
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajec.v2i3.1898Keywords:
Remote Sensing, Climate Data, Environmental Change, Regression Analysis, Niger DeltaAbstract
Anthropogenic activities including oil exploration have led to environmental issues in the Niger Delta, Nigeria over the years, leading to the deterioration of aquatic and riparian ecosystems. This has affected health, fishing, subsistence farming, and the economy of residents of this region. The objectives of this study were to model rainfall with respect to the percentage land cover type and forecast the percentage land cover type in 2040 for the river Niger-Delta. The objectives were met by reviewing literature related to this study, data acquisition, and modeling. The data was accessed from Google Earth Engine and the World Bank climate websites. ArcGIS, Microsoft Excel and SPSS software were used to analyze the data. Land cover and rainfall data was modeled over ranges of time and data pairs from each variable for similar years were extracted and used to model the variation of rainfall versus land cover types. The land cover and rainfall data analyses are presented in the analysis section of this paper. The percentages of land cover in the study area under water and built-in were found to have increased while that under mangrove and vegetation were found to increase respectively between 1990 and 2040. Communities residing in the study region are highly vulnerable to the impacts of floods and water pollution by industries for half of each year. This study suggested several policies for the Niger-Delta well-being and protection of the region’s residents with respect to floods and related issues.
Downloads
References
Abdulazeez, A. (2021) A Review on the Impact of River and Inland Sand Mining on Nigerian River
Adeaga, O., Mahe, G., Dieulin, C., Elbaz-Poulichet, F., Rouche, N., Seidel, J. L., & Servat, E. (2017). Quality of water resources in the Niger basin and in the region of Lagos (Nigeria). Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series, 13(1), 51-60.
Adeaga, O., Mahe, G., Dieulin, C., Elbaz-Poulichet, F., Rouche, N., Seide, J. L., & Servat, E. (2012). Rainfall-Runoff simulation in part of lower Niger basin. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering. B, 1(6B), 812.
Amosu, A. O., Bashorun, O. W., Babalola, O. O., Olowu, R. A., & Togunde, K. A. (2012). Impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities on renewable coastal resources and biodiversity in Nigeria.
Andersen, I., & Golitzen, K. G. (Eds.). (2005). The Niger river basin: A vision for sustainable management. World Bank Publications.
Aromolaran, A.K. (2012). Effects of Sand Mining Activities on land in Agrarian Communities of Ogun State. Continental Journal of Agricultural Science 6(1).
Bernstein, L., Bosch, P., Canziani, O., Chen, Z., Christ, R., & Riahi, K. (2008). IPCC, 2007: climate change 2007: synthesis report.
Climate Change Data Portal,2021, https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/download-data
Diallo, O. S. (2003). Water erosion and silting in the Niger river basin in the context of watershed management. Preparing for the Next Generation of Watershed Management Programmes And Projects, 175
Ezekiel, E. (2010, November 18). Nigeria needs N45 trillion to tackle housing deficit-FMBN. Nigerian Business Forum.
Gorelick, N., Hancher, M., Dixon, M., Ilyushchenko, S., Thau, D., & Moore, R. (2017). Google Earth Engine®: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. Remote
Isah, R. (2011, June 21). Nigeria: Making housing fund contribution national agenda. allAfrica. http://allafrica.com/stories/201106240782.html
Laë, R., Williams, S., Morand, P., & Mikolasek, O. (2004). Review of the present state of the environment, fish stocks and fisheries of the river Niger (West Africa). FAO.
Lawal, P. O. (2011). Effects of sand and gravel mining in Minna emirate area of Nigeria on stakeholders. Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(1), 193-199.
Merem, E.C., Twumasi, Y.A., Wesley, J., Isokpehi, P., Shenge, M., Fageir, S., Crisler, M., Romorno, C., Hines, A., Hirse, G., Ochai, S., Leggett, S. and Nwagboso, E. (2017). Assessing Ecosystem Liabilities of Oil and Gas Activities in Southern Nigeria. Public Health Research, 7(1), 3-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.phr.20170701.02
Namwamba, J. B. O. (2021). Mapping, spatial and temporal modeling of urban heat islands in Baton Rouge [Doctoral dissertation, Southern University and Agricultural & Mechanical College]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. https://www.proquest.com/openview/5c725449783cea3a9a5879db4fa4ea67/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Neary, D. G., Ice, G. G., & Jackson, C. R. (2009). Linkages between forest soils and water quality and quantity. Forest ecology and management, 258(10), 2269-2281.
Ofunim-Omoruyi, B.J, Akande, J.M. and Olaleye, B.M. (2017). Evaluation of the Effects of Sand and Laterite Excavation in Selected Open Pits in Ondo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 8(10), 540. http://www.ijser.org
Omole, D., & Ajakaiye, O. (1998). Environmental externalities and sustainable urban development: Who bears environmental costs. In K. Adeniji & V. I. Ogu, (Eds.), Sustainable physical development in Nigeria, Ibadan (pp.115-132). Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research Publication
Radwan, T. M., Blackburn, G. A., Whyatt, J. D., & Atkinson, P. M. (2021). Global land cover trajectories and transitions. Scientific Reports, 11, Article 12814. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92256-2
Saleem, L. M. Y. (2003). Forestry projects aimed at watershed management [Paper presentation]. XII World Forestry Congress, Québec City, Canada.
Twumasi, Y. A., Merem, E. C., Namwamba, J. B., Ayala-Silva, T., Abdollahi, K., Okwemba, R., ... & La Cour-Conant, K. (2020). Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature Variability over Central Africa (1901-2015). Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 10(2), 220-239.
Twumasi, Y.A., and E.C. Merem. (2006). GIS and remote sensing applications in the assessment of change within a coastal environment in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 3(1), 98-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph2006030011
Zermoglio, F., Bucher, A., & Stenek, V. World Bank Climate Change Portal.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Caroline O. Akinrinwoye, Yaw A. Twumasi, Zhu H. Ning, John B. Namwamba, Judith Oppong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
