Concentration and Bioaccumulation of Toxic Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Lumbricus Terrestris in Kolo Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i3.560Keywords:
Bioaccumulation Factor, Lumbricus terrestris, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Metabolites, Toxic MetalsAbstract
The concentration of toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil, and their bioaccumulation in Lumbricus terrestris in areas around Kolo Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria were evaluated in this study. 12 soil samples were collected from 4 sites, while Lumbricus terrestris were also collected from areas where soil samples were obtained. Toxic metals were extracted using aqua regia and quantified with a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Extraction of PAHs was achieved by liquid-liquid soxhlet extraction, and quantified with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for both toxic metals and PAHs were calculated. The results obtained in this study showed that the concentration of all studied toxic metals were within their respective regulatory limits in soil. The BAF for all toxic metals were less than 1 in all sites, indicating minimal bioaccumulation in Lumbricus terrestris. The Ʃ16 PAHs ranged from 7.30 to 77.7 mg kg-1 and 1.10 to 4.75 mg kg-1 in soil and Lumbricus terrestris across the 4 sites, respectively. The BAF values for individual PAHs were less than 1 in all sites, which indicated that PAH congeners were either not bioaccumulated or accumulated PAH congeners were metabolized. Hence, analysis of PAHs metabolites in Lumbricus terrestris is recommended.
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