Aqueous Extraction and Characterization of Eucalyptus Globulus for Use as Natural Dyes

Authors

  • Yakubu Y. Lams Department of Textile Technology and Polymer Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Nigeria
  • Umar M. Ghali Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cankiri Karatekin University, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-8075
  • Muhammed A. Abdulrazaq Department of Chemical Engineering Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria
  • Aliyu Yakubu Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
  • Mohamed A. Degm Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cankiri Karatekin University, Turkey
  • Ibrahim M. Agava Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54536/ari.v2i2.3769

Keywords:

Dyes, Eucalyptus, Fastness Ratings, Pre-Metallized, Substrates, Spectral Characteristics

Abstract

This study investigates the extraction, characterization, and application of natural dyes from Eucalyptus bark and leaf granules using solvents such as 2-ethoxy-ethanol, acetone, methanol, and distilled water. The dyes were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy with analyses performed using a Bruker Advanced 400 MHz FT spectrophotometer. FTIR analysis identified key functional groups such as hydroxyl (O-H), carbonyl (C=O), and aliphatic (C-H), indicating the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and fatty acids. Fastness tests, including wash, light, and rubbing fastness, were conducted and assessed on gray and blue scales, revealing differences in hue and shade between pre-metallized and un-pre-metallized substrates. Dyes extracted from leaves in distilled water and methanol showed higher absorbance, while bark extracts provided deeper brown shades on cotton fabrics. Leaf extracts produced lighter, greenish-brown shades. The fastness ratings ranged from very good to excellent, demonstrating the potential of Eucalyptus-based dyes for sustainable textile applications.

References

Balter, M. (2009). Clothes make the (Hu) man. Science, 325(5946), 1329. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.325_1329a

Benkhaya, S., Achiou, B., Ouammou, M., Bennazha, J., Younssi, S. A., M’rabet, S., & Harfi, A. E. (2019). Preparation of low-cost composite membrane made of polysulfone/polyetherimide ultrafiltration layer and ceramic pozzolan support for dyes removal. Materials Today Communications, 19, 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.02.002

Benkhaya, S., Rabet, S. M., & Harfi, A. E. (2020). A review on classifications, recent synthesis and applications of textile dyes. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 115, 107891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107891

Ezenwobodo, & Samuel, S. (2022). International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 4(1), 1806–1812. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.2023.4149

Ferreira, E. S. B., Hulme, A. N., McNab, H., & Quye, A. (2004). The natural constituents of historical textile dyes. Chemical Society Reviews, 33(6), 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1039/b305697j

Franca, R. D. G., Vieira, A., Carvalho, G., Oehmen, A., Pinheiro, H. M., Crespo, M. T. B., & Lourenço, N. D. (2019). Oerskovia paurometabola can efficiently decolorize azo dye Acid Red 14 and remove its recalcitrant metabolite. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 191, 110007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110007

Garba, M. D., & Abubakar, S. (2002). Flower Extract As an Improvised Indicator in Acid-Base Titration. Chemsearch Journal, 3(1), 17–18. http://www.articlesbase.com/science

Hubner, K. (2006). History – 150 Years of mauveine. Chemie in unserer Zeit, 40(4), 274-275. doi:10.1002/ciuz.200690054.

Kvavadze, E., Bar-Yosef, O., Belfer-Cohen, A., Boaretto, E., Jakeli, N., Matskevich, Z., & Meshveliani, T. (2009). 30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers. Science, 325(5946), 1359. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175404

Langhals, H. (2004). Color Chemistry. Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments. 3rd revised edition. By Heinrich Zollinger. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 43(40), 5291–5292. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200385122

Lellis, B., Fávaro-Polonio, C. Z., Pamphile, J. A., & Polonio, J. C. (2019). Effects of textile dyes on health and the environment and bioremediation potential of living organisms. Biotechnology Research and Innovation, 3(2), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biori.2019.09.001

Mahltig, B. (2024). Overview on natural dyes and their IR-spectra - Part IV: Dyes originated from insects. Communications in Development and Assembling of Textile Products, 5(1), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.25367/cdatp.2024.5.p107-119

Olorunnisola, A., & Oshifeso, S. (2016). Dimensional stability of conventionally cured and CO2-injected luffa fiber-reinforced composite roofing tiles. International Inorganic-Bonded Fiber Composite Conference, 1–9.

Ooth, G. E. B., Chemical, I., Plc, I., & Kingdom, U. (2002). Dyes, General Survey. Industrial Dyes, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/3527602011.ch1

Pereira, A. G. B., Rodrigues, F. H. A., Paulino, A. T., Martins, A. F., & Fajardo, A. R. (2021). Recent advances on composite hydrogels designed for the remediation of dye-contaminated water and wastewater: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 284, 124703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124703

Rehman, A., Usman, M., Bokhari, T. H., Haq, A. U., Saeed, M., Rahman, H. M. a. U., Siddiq, M., Rasheed, A., & Nisa, M. U. (2019). The application of cationic-nonionic mixed micellar media for enhanced solubilization of Direct Brown 2 dye. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 301, 112408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112408

Sivakumar, V., Anna, J. L., Vijayeeswarri, J., & Swaminathan, G. (2009). Ultrasound assisted enhancement in natural dye extraction from beetroot for industrial applications and natural dyeing of leather. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 16(6), 782–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.03.009

Travis, A. S. (1990). Perkin’s Mauve: Ancestor of the Organic Chemical Industry. Technology and Culture, 31(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.2307/3105760

Banna, B. U., Mia, R., Tanni, K. S., Sultana, N., Shamim, A. M., Turzo, R. K., Limon, F. K., & Tanjil, M. (2019). Effectiveness of dyeing with dye extracted from mango leaves on different fabrics by using various mordants. North American Academic Research, 2(10), 123-144. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519880

Xu, X., Li, H., Wang, W., & Gu, J. (2004). Degradation of dyes in aqueous solutions by the Fenton process. Chemosphere, 57(7), 595–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.07.030

Downloads

Published

2024-11-14

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Applied Research and Innovation

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Yakubu Y. Lams, Umar M. Ghali, Muhammed A. Abdulrazaq, Aliyu Yakubu, Mohamed A. Degm, Ibrahim M. Agava

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Lams, Y. Y., Ghali, U. M., Abdulrazaq, M. A., Yakubu, A., Degm, M. A., & Agava, I. M. (2024). Aqueous Extraction and Characterization of Eucalyptus Globulus for Use as Natural Dyes. Applied Research and Innovation, 2(2), 23-30. https://doi.org/10.54536/ari.v2i2.3769