Bird Mortality and Incidence of Chlamydial Infections Among Poultry Farmers in Abia State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i2.290Keywords:
Mortality, Pathogenic, Microorganisms, PoultryAbstract
Bird mortality has been frequently reported among poultry farmers, and the prevailing circumstances in the poultry farms seem most favourable for incidental cross-infections, notably Chlamydia infections among poultry farmers. This study therefore has investigated Bird mortality and incidence of Chlamydia infections among poultry farmers in Abia State, Nigeria. A total of 127 poultry farmers, comprising 66 females and 61 males aged 21-60 years were evaluated for Chlamydia and other microbial infections using Endo cervical swab, urethral swab, from female, male workers respectively, as well as nasal/mouth secretions from sick birds, for microbiological cultures. Two (2) mls of venous blood was also collected from each farmer for serological detection of Chlamydia Antibody using Chlamydia kit. Three hundred and sixty (360) Sick birds comprising 18 sick birds from each of the 20 poultry farms studied were collected with sterile swab sticks, and then transported to the laboratory in transport medium for processing immediately for isolation and identification of microorganism using appropriate media. Each of the 20 poultry farms randomly selected has grown their birds for at least ten (10) weeks before study recruitment, and the number of deaths recorded in each farm was obtained. Of the 20 farms with 10,200 birds 427 (4.3%) deaths were obtained. A total of 360 sick birds evaluated microbiologically, 157 (43.6%) were infected with either bacteria or fungi or a combination of the two. Three hundred and sixty (360) birds, poultry farm workers evaluated, 6(1.7%) Chlamydia antibody was reported, 16 (4.4%) Aspergillus sp; 48(13.3%) Bacillus sp; 98(27.2%) Staphylococcus sp; 108(30.0%) E. coli, and 18 (5.0%) Salmonella sp. These microbial agents isolated in the study could be responsible for the recorded proportion bird deaths from the poultry farms investigated. At the time, the microbial agents isolated from the urine, urethral and Endo cervical swabs of the poultry farmers appeared similar to those from the mouth secretion of sick bird, thus suggesting that the poultry farmers may have acquired the pathogens from the birds following cross-infection.
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