Power Availability and Requirements for Small-Scale Rice Farm Operations: A Case in Riau Province, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v1i1.15Keywords:
Power availability and requirement, Small-scale rice operation, Human power, Animal power, Mechanical powerAbstract
The objective of this study was to identify the power availability and requirement for small-scale rice farming operations in Riau Province. Primary and secondary data were gathered from different sources. A total of 120 farmers were interview to collect data primer from two selected rice centers in two regencies of the province during the 2008 rainy cropping season. As a result, the availability of farm power still is very low, although showing an increasing trend during a period of 1997-06 primarily for mechanical power unit. During the same period, the stage of rice mechanization process has also been relatively low and still below the take-off stage in critical point of the mechanization process. Under these conditions, it was analyzed that the increased number of farm power has no effect on total cultivated area and yield of rice over the years. The main sources of farm power practiced by rice farmers are human labor and mechanical power, while draught animal was not used in Riau rice farming operations anymore. Mechanical power is just used to perform land preparation, threshing and milling operations, while other farm operations are still done completely by manual. The total power required per hectare of rice farm operations was 418 kW (561 hp) on average. Although mechanized farm operations need more power, the total operation hours would decrease significantly. The results suggest that efforts should be taken to continuously encourage farmers to adopt mechanical power technologies in order to carry out farm operations timely and short period, and to make rice production process more productive and efficient.
Downloads
References
ASAE. (2006). Engine & tractor power. Fourth Edition, St. Joseph, Michigan, USA.
Bishop, C. (1997). A guide to preparing an agricultural mechanization strategy. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome. 32 p.
FAO. (2008). Agricultural mechanization in Africa – time for Action. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Stated Nations. Rome. 26 p.
Food Crops Service of Riau Province. (1998). Data series of food crops in Riau Province. Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Food Crops Service of Riau Province. (2001). Data series of food crops in Riau Province. Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Food Crops Service of Riau Province. (2004). Data series of food crops in Riau Province. Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Food Crops Service of Riau Province. (2007). Data series of food crops in Riau Province. Pekanbaru, Indonesia.
Gego, A. (1986). Problems of agricultural mechanization in developing country. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 17(1): 11 – 21.
Handaka. (2005). Agricultural engineering research and development in indonesia: challenge and prospect toward sustainable agriculture and APCAEM programme. Paper for APCAEM TC/GC Meeting in New Delhi, 21 – 24 November 2005, India.
Herdt, R. W. (1983). Mechanization of rice production in developing Asian countries: perspective, evidence, and issues. In Consequences of Small-Farm Mechanization; International Rice Research Institute and Agricultural Development Council, Los Banos, Philippines, pp.1－13.
Igbeka, J. C. (1984). Development in rice production mechanization. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 15(1): 27 – 32.
Jain, B. K. S. (1979). Tractors in Indian agriculture - their place and problem. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, Autumn Issue, 1979, 31 – 34.
Khan, M. M. (1996). A manual of food crops production in ISDP locations. Trans-Intra Asia Co. in Association with Mott Mac Donald Limited, Indonesia.
Kolawale, M. I. (1972). Economic aspects of tractor contracting operations in Western Nigeria. Journal Agricultural Engineering Research, 17: 289 - 294.
Lawrence, P. R., & Pearson, R. A. (2002). Use of draught animal power on small mixed farms in Asia. Agricultural Systems, 71(1-2): 99-110.
Paman, U, Uchida, S., &Inaba, S. (2010). The economic potential of tractor hire business in Riau Province, Indonesia; A case of small tractor use for small rice farms. Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Journal, 12(1): 135 – 142.
Paman U, Uchida, S., Inaba, S., & Kojima, T. (2007). A survey on causes of tractor breakdowns in Riau Province, Indonesia: A case study of small tractor operations. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 23(1): 43 – 48.
Saegusa, K. (1975) Text book on mechanization on rice farming. Indo-Japanese Agricultural Training Center, Mandya, India.
Sahay, J. (2004). Elements of Agricultural Engineering. Fourth Edition, Lomous Offset Press, Delhi, India.
Sakai, J., Kishimoto, T., & Phongsupasamit, S. (1986). Studies on evolutional steps for plowing and tractorization in Japan; the unique mechanization promotion in small scale farming. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, 17(4): 11 – 19.
Salokhe, V. M., & Hendriadi, A. (1995). Power tiller industry in Indonesia. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 26(4): 29 – 32.
Sims, B. G., & Kienzle, J. (2006). Farm power and mechanization for small farms in Sub-Saharan Africa. Agriculture and Food Engineering Technical Report. Rome. 20 p.
Singh, G. (1984). Agricultural mechanization in selected Southeast Asian Countries. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 18(3): 33 – 39, 44.
Singh G, & Siswasumarto, H. (1988). Farm mechanization in West Java, Indonesia. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, 19(1): 9-13.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Ujang Paman, Shigeki Inaba, Susumu Uchida
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
