Yield Potential and Monetary Advantage Index of Maize Intercropped with Grain Legumes in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v5i2.104Keywords:
Aggressivity Index (AI), Cost-Benefit Ratio (CBR), Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Mean Yield Index (MYI), Maize Biological Equivalent (MBE)Abstract
Traditional mixtures of food crop species involve intercrop of plants with dissimilar size and growth cycle on the field. However, the Relative Yield Potential (RYP) and Land Equivalent Ratios (LER) of these mixtures are given less prejudice especially in monetary terms by ancient farmers. This necessitate an experiment conducted during the 2016 and 2018 rainy seasons. The treatments consisted of Maize (TZESR – Open Pollinated), Cowpea (Sampea - 7), Peanut (Samnut - 24) and Soybean (TGX 713 – 09D) as sole crops sown at seed rates of 25 and 50 kgha-1 for maize and legumes respectively. The grain legumes were intercropped with maize in the ratio of 4:1, 2:1 or 1:1 as additional rows in between the normal rows of maize planted at a spacing of 75 x 25cm. Results revealed that intercropping of maize with either cowpea, peanut or soybean in 2:1 ratio was most productive in terms of maize equivalent yield and declined thereafter, with increase in the legume proportion, though maintained its superiority over sole planting of maize. Maize intercropped with soybean in the ratios 4:1 gave the highest mean biological maize equivalent compared to its sole planting at different combinations of legumes. Maize + Peanut gave the highest mean Land Equivalent Ratio (1.81) followed by maize + Cowpea (1.74) and maize + soybean (1.59) all sown in the ratio of 2:1. Intercropping of legumes with maize appeared to be more aggressive than sole planting of maize or legumes. Maize + Peanut (2:1) gave the highest mean Monetary Advantage Index (MAI) of 7789.0, Mean Yield Index (MYI) of 79.0. However, regardless of the ratio in which Maize + peanut was combined, result of 47% MAI showed a greater biological relationship, effective competition, hence recommended. Highest cost/benefit ratio (5.09 and 4.45) was obtained with maize + soybean (4:1) during 2016 and 2018, respectively.
Downloads
References
Adeoye, G.O, Sridhar, M.K.C., Adeoluwa, O.O., Akinsoji, N.A. (2005). Evaluation of naturally decomposed solid waste from municipal dump sites for their manorial value in southwest Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 26 (4), 143-152.
Ajayi, E.O., Iyabo, B.A and Olanrewaju, A.S. (2017). Economic analysis of intercropping Okra with legumes. Journal of Agricultural Sciences., 62(2), 193-202.
Bakers, H.G. (1970). Plants and Prehistory. In Plants and Civilization: Fundamentals of
Botany Series. Palgrave, London. Wadsworth Publishing company Inc.; Belmont, California. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00243-6_1
Bassi, J.A. and Dugje, I.Y. (2016). Effects of intercropping selected legumes on growth and
yield of pearl millet in a Nigerian Sudan Savannah. Research Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Management, 5(2), 037-047.
Bhagad, S.B., Chavan, S.A., Zagade, M.V., Dahiphale, A.V. (2006). Intercropping groundnut
and sweet corn at different fertility levels and row proportions. Indian Journal of Crop Science, 1 (1-2), 151-153.
Clark, E.A., Francis, C.A. (1985b). Transgressive yielding in bean: Maize intercrops. Field Crops Research, 11, 151-166.
Crookston, R.K., Kent, R. (1976). Intercropping a new version of an Old Idea. Crops and Soils, 28(9), 7-9.
Das, A., Gnanamurthy, A.P., Kumar, N. (2002). Effect of vegetable intercropping and source of nutrient on yield attributing character and yield of Pigeon pea. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 47 (3), 340-344.
Francis, C.A., Flor, C.A. and Pragar, M. (1978). Effect of Bean Association on Yield and Yield Components of Maize. Crop Sci, 18, 760-764.
Hawkes, J.G. (1970). The Origins of Agriculture. Econs Bot, 24, 131-133. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860590.
Henriet, J., G.A Van, E.K., Blade, S.F and Singh, B.B. (2009). Quantitative Assessment of Traditional Cropping Systems in the Sudan Savannah of Northern Nigeria. Rapio Survey of Prevalent Cropping System Samara., J. Agric. Res, 14: 37-45.
Henrich, C.W. (2013). Preliminary studies of intercropping combinations based on legumes –
Cereals. Experimental. Agric, 16, 29-39.
IAPPS (2007). New Sorghum/Millet and other grains. IAPPS Newsletter No. 111, March.
Jha, G., Singh, D.P, Thakre, R.B. (2000). Production potential of maize (Zea mays) + Potato
(Solanum tuberosum) intercropping as influenced by fertilizer and potato genotype. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 45(1), 59-63.
Lamessa, K., Sharme, J.J., Tessema, T. (2015). Influence of Cowpea and Soybean
intercropping pattern and time of planting on Yield and Gross Monetary Value of Sorghum. Sci. Technol. Arts. Res. J, 4(3), 38-46 http://ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs
Kasanaga, H., Monsi, M. (1954). On the light transmission of leaves. Japaruse Journal of
Botany, 14, 304-324.
Mahapatra, S.C. (2011). Study of grass legume intercropping system in term of competition
indices and Monetary Advantange Index under acid laterite soil of India. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1 (1), 1-6.
Matusso, J.M.M., Mugwe, J.N., & Mucheru-Muna, M. (2012). Potential role of cereal-
legume intercropping systems in integrated soil fertility management in smallholder farming systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. Research Application summary, Third RUFORUM Biennial Meeting, Entebbe, Uganda.
Mc Gilchrist, C.A and Trenbath, B.R. (1971). A Revised Analysis of Plant Competition
Experiments. Biometrics., 27, 659-671.
Nwamini, L., Eruola, A., Makinde, A., Soaga, J., Attah, J. (2020). Utilization of Maize–
Millet-Okra Intercropping Systems in Western Nigeria. J. Met & Clim. Sci, 18(1), 78-88. http://ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs
Plucknett, D.L. and Smith, N.J.H. (1986). Multiple Cropping Systems C.A Francis, (ed.).
Macmillan: New York. 20-39.
Seran, T.H., & Brintha, I. (2009). Biological and economic Efficiency of radish (Raphanus
sativus L.) intercropped with vegetable amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor L.). The Open Horticulture Journal, 2, 17-21.
Sharma, KC., Singh, Y., Gupta, P.C., Tripathy, S.K., Bhardwaj, A.K and Singh, S.P. (1986).
Plant Population and Spatial arrangements in Wheat-Mustard Intercropping. Indian J. Agron, 31(2), 154-157.
Trenbath, B.R. (1976). Plant Interactions in Mixed Crop Communities (In) Multiple
Cropping Symposium (Proceedings), American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting, Knoxville, Tennesee, 24-29th August.
Willey, R.W. (1979a). Intercropping – It’s Importance and Research Needs Part I.
Competition and Yield Advantages. Field Crop Abstracts. Common Wealth Bureau of Pastures and Field Crops. 32(1), 1-10.
Willey, R.W. (1979b). Intercropping – It’s Importance and Research Needs Part II.
Competition and Yield Advantages. Field Crop Abstracts. Common Wealth Bureau of Pastures and Field Crops. 32(2), 73-84.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Musa U.T, Yusuf M.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.