https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajds/issue/feedAmerican Journal of Development Studies2023-10-09T04:46:30+00:00Managing Editormanagingeditor.ajds@e-palli.comOpen Journal Systems<p><em><strong>The American Journal of Development Studies (AJDS)</strong></em> is an open-access and double-blind peer-reviewed international journal publishing articles that emphasize research, development, and application within or between the fields of Climate change, Environmental degradation, and sustainable development. The AJDS reviews papers within <strong>the shortest possible time</strong> of submission and publishes accepted articles online first immediately upon receiving the final versions.</p> <p><em><strong>ISSN: 2837-6676 (Online)</strong></em></p> <p><strong>Aim & Scope<br /></strong>AJDS aims to provide a platform for scientists, development workers, practitioners, and academicians to promote, be more visible internationally, and provide the opportunity to discuss critically and analyze different issues in science and technology. All articles are reviewed quickly, professionally copyedited, and checked for similarity to avoid plagiarism for quality and faster publication.</p> <p><strong>Frequencies of publication<br /></strong>Three issues in a year while it accepts articles throughout the years and publishes online first immediately after acceptance of the final version.</p> <p><strong>Area of publication</strong><br />◉ Risk, vulnerability, and human security<br />◉ Political governance and civil society <br />◉ Gender relations and inequality <br />◉ Human rights and development <br />◉ Migration <br />◉ Urbanization and development <br />◉ Children, youth, and development <br />◉ Livelihoods and food security <br />◉ Social protection and social policy <br />◉ The international debt crisis <br />◉ Environmental degradation and sustainable development <br />◉ Economic development, work, and Industrialization</p>https://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajds/article/view/2046Effect of Rapid Urban Housing Expansion on On-Farm Activities of Rural Household Livelihoods in Simat/Kapseret Ward, Kenya2023-10-02T10:59:36+00:00Dianah Cherutocherutodianah23@gmail.comFred K. Wamalwacherutodianah23@gmail.comEsther Chepsirorcherutodianah23@gmail.com<p>The study focused on examining how an increase in urban housing expansion affects livelihoods of rural households. The study objective was to determine the effect of urban housing expansion on on-farm activities of households in Kapseret/Simat ward, Kenya. A sample of 164 households was selected from a target population of 13610 households. A systematic random sampling technique was used to obtain the population of the study. A household survey questionnaire and an interview guide were used as tools for data collection taking a mixed methods research design. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive methods in form of frequencies, means and deviation. Inferential statistics specifically Chi square was used to test the hypotheses in terms of the strength and direction of the independent and dependent variables. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically and triangulated into the quantitative data of the study. Quantitative study findings indicated that there was a statistical significant relationship between urban housing expansion and on-farm activities of rural households (p=0.000). The qualitative study findings indicated that there was a shift from on-farm to off-farm livelihood activities of rural households. The study concluded that as land value and land sales increased, there was a higher likelihood for demand for land to facilitate the urban housing developments and ultimately housing expansion within the area of study. The study concluded that there was a significant statistical effect of urban housing expansion on rural household livelihoods.</p>2023-11-17T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Dianah Cheruto, Fred K. Wamalwa, Esther Chepsirorhttps://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajds/article/view/2099Assessing the Contributions of Rwanda Gender Equality Policies to the Women Empowerment in Rwanda2023-10-09T04:46:30+00:00Emmanuel Niyonzimaemniyonzima1@gmail.comEyayu Kasseye Bayueyasukassa21@gmail.com<p>This study was conducted in Rwanda with the main purpose of examining the contributions of Rwanda’s gender equality policies to women’s empowerment. This research solely employed secondary data to analyse the effects of gender equality policies on the empowerment of women in Rwanda. To gather information, many books, journals, newspapers, and other research publications on gender and women’s empowerment were examined. This study discovered a significant link between gender equality and women’s empowerment in the study area. Gender equality policies, for example, increased the number of women who went to school, increased labour force participation, reduced maternal health risks, raised the national GDP, and promoted human rights. Furthermore, to attain gender equality and increase women’s empowerment, the government has adopted numerous policies that have played a significant role in achieving gender equality. Among these initiatives are the formation of the Gender Monitoring Office, the Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion, the National Women’s Council, and a council for women who are in parliament. Furthermore, the government has implemented various legal instruments to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment. They are associated with inheritance, employment, human resources development, human rights, and other spheres of society. Yet, the women in Rwanda have some encounters for full participation in development as well as achieving gender equality, like society norms about gender equality and family violence. For those challenges, the authors would like to recommend that the government increase the mobilisation of citizens about the contribution of women’s empowerment and gender equality to sustainable growth, increase the budget for girls’ education, and enact new laws for gender-based violence and women’s empowerment promotion.</p>2023-12-30T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Emmanuel Niyonzima, Eyayu Kasseye Bayuhttps://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajds/article/view/1926Pensions and Retirements of State Governments in Mexico and Their Impact on Public Finances 2020-20212023-08-28T09:02:06+00:00Jose Antonio Villalobos-Lopezjvillalobosl7500@egresado.ipn.mx<p>The main objective of this work is to find out the number of labor liabilities for pensions and retirements generated by public servants in federal entities, seeking to answer two questions: What is the amount of labor liabilities owed by local governments up to the year 2021, and what percentage of GDP (state and national) do these amounts represent? This essay was established under the deductive method, in the hermeneutic paradigm, with a quantitative approach. Until 2021, 1.55 million workers working for state governments were recognized, representing 6.5% of formal jobs in the country. From 2009 to 2019, several analyses were carried out indicating that the actuarial liabilities for pensions and retirements of state governments were between 1.38 and 2.2 trillion pesos; this work concludes that the actuarial liabilities of 30 of the 32 federal entities correspond to 4.1 trillion pesos for 2020-2020. 1 trillion pesos for 2020-2021, representing 18.6% of GDP, with the State of Mexico absorbing 22.6%; Mexico City 13.5%; Jalisco 8.1%; Chihuahua 8.2%; Chiapas 5.4%; and San Luis Potosi 4.1%. In contrast, Guanajuato is the best performer in actuarial studies, followed by Aguascalientes, Colima, Hidalgo and Campeche.</p>2023-10-02T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Jose Antonio Villalobos Lopezhttps://journals.e-palli.com/home/index.php/ajds/article/view/1424Environmental Sustainability Through Corporate Social Responsibility2023-08-22T10:55:59+00:00Leoncio P Olobialeoncio.olobia@lnu.edu.ph<p class="Text">This paper pondered on the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Communication of Starbucks Corporation. CSR integrates social and environmental responsibility of the company, anchored with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) # 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and # 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). The purpose of this paper was to elucidate the company’s role in environmental preservation through a robust CSR Communication campaign, discussed and critiqued. The study utilized secondary sources for data gathering, analyzed and interpreted using critical analysis.The result of the paper revealed that Starbuck’s report can expand its sustainability efforts in the light of the company’s strong advocacy on climate change. In achieving corporate expansionism, the paper provides robust knowledge on resilience and preservation for a resilient community.</p>2023-09-04T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Leoncio P. Olobia